Objective:To observe the effects on immune and hematopoietic function in benzene induced aplastic anemia model mice by feeding tonifying kidney and generating blood prescription and preliminary study the adjustment mechanism of Chinese medicine.Methods:60 Clean-class Balb/c mice,were randomly divided into 3 groups,namely normal control group,AA model group,TKGB prescription treatment group.The normal control group was injected with corn oil,4 ml/kg;AA model group and treatment group was injected with the oil mixture of benzene(1 ml/kg in body weight),the injection lasting for 14 days.According to 5 times the clinical equivalent dose,the treatment group mice were fed with TKGB prescription(raw herbs dose 5.92g/kg d) for 4 weeks.Results:(1)Compared to control group,body weight,spleen index and thymus index in model group and treatment group were decreased,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01);in treatment group and model group,those were increased.(2)Compared to normal group,the numbers of blood cells in model group and treatment groups were significantly decreased,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);the most obvious was found in model group,and the numbers of blood cells in treatment group was slightly more than model group,in addition to red blood cells,the differences were significantly different(P<0.01).(3)Compared to normal control group,there were some pathological changes of different degrees in bone marrow of model group and treatment group,the most significant pathological changes appeared in model group,while slight changes in treatment group.(4)Compared to the normal group,sIL-2 levels were significantly elevated in model group and treatment group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);while the TNF-α level was increased slightly,but the difference was not statistically significance (P> 0.05);sIL-2 level in treatment group was lower than the model group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);TNF-α level was slightly higher than the model group,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions:From point view of tonifying kidney,the tonifying kidney and generating blood prescription could significantly improve bone marrow hematopoietic function of benzene-induced aplastic anemia model mice of,to a certain extent,effectively repaired the bone marrow pathological damage caused by benzene,meanwhile effectively control the serum TNF -α,sIL-2 levels by regulating model mice immune function.