目的：探讨梗阻性黄疸围手术期肾脏水通道蛋白2（aqp2）的变化及小剂量多巴胺对aqp2表达的影响。方法：将大鼠随机分为对照组、梗阻性黄胆组、多巴胺5 μg组、多巴胺10 μg组，其中对照组10只大鼠行假手术、实验组60只大鼠建立梗阻性黄疸动物模型，7天后实验组大鼠解除梗阻，而对照组大鼠再行假手术；多巴胺5 μg组和10 μg组在胆道再通时于股静脉分别泵入5 μg/(kg·min)和10 μg/(kg·min)多巴胺，对照组及梗阻性黄疸组泵入09%生理盐水，将各组动物随机均分为立即取材组和24 h后取材组分别采集标本并检测有关指标。结果：解除梗阻早期大鼠血清胆红素水平下降，但BUN及Cr水平未见明显改变；多巴胺5 μg组较10 μg组aqp2表达水平更接近于对照组，而梗阻性黄疸组aqp2表达水平较对照组明显下降。结论：小剂量多巴胺对于增加肾近曲小管上皮细胞aqp2表达具有积极作用，并可能因而改善梗阻性黄疸围手术期的肾功能。

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