Abstract：Objective To observe the curative effect of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fracture. Methods A total of 56 selected patients with mono-segmental thoracolumbar fracture with bone mass protruded into the spinal canal showed by CT were treated in the department of orthopaedics of our hospital from January 2015 to June 2018, and divided into 26 cases of internal fixations across injured vertebrae group and 30 cases of through injured vertebrae group according to different treatment methods. The intraoperative blood loss, time of operation and hospital stay, VAS scores before and after surgery, ODI index and imaging indicators were compared between two groups. Results The difference in operation time between the two groups was statistically significant（P＜0.05）; the postoperative VAS scores ,ODI indexes and various imaging indexes between the two groups were statistically significant compared with the preoperative value（P＜0.05）. In 6 months after the operation, the anterior height of the injured vertebra and the Cobb Angle of sagittal kyphoid in internal fixations across injured vertebrae group were significantly lower than those in pre-operation, and the differences were statistically significant（P＜0.05）.  But there were no significantly differences in internal fixations through injured vertebrae group. There was no significant difference in the rate of canal encroachment between the two groups after surgery. Conclusion The two minimally invasive percutaneous pedicle internal fixations have good effects on mono-segmental thoracolumbar fractures with bone mass protruded into the spinal canal, and can effectively reduce the fractures in the spinal canal, and internal fixations through injured vertebrae is conducive to spinal protruding deformity correction and maintain long-term correction effect.