Abstract：Objective To study the expression and correlation analysis of P53 protein andphosphate and tensin homologous genes missing on PTEN chromosome 10 in different types of colorectal polyps. Methods The clinical data of 62 patients with colorectal polypin Baotou Central Hospital from 2017 to 2021 were selected and divided into 32 cases in the non-adenoma group and 30 cases in the adenoma group according to the pathology results, and the expression of P53 protein and phosphate and tensin homologous genes missing on PTEN chromosome 10 was detected by applying immunohistochemical SP method. Results The P53 positive expression rate was significantly higher in the adenoma group than in the non-adenoma group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant （χ2＝14.264,P＜0.01）; the PTEN positive expression rate was higher in the adenoma group than in the non-adenoma group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant （χ2＝5.344, P＜0.05）. The expression of P53 in colorectal adenomatous polyps correlated with the degree of intraepithelial neoplasia （r＝5.473, P＜0.05）, but not with age, sex, or polyp site （r＝2.279, 1.824, 1.292, all P＞0.05）. The expression of PTEN in colorectal adenomatous polyps did not correlate with the degree of intraepithelial neoplasia, age, sex, or polyp site （r＝0.450, 0.679, 4.080, 2.679, all P＞0.05）. There was no correlation between the expression of P53 and PTEN in colorectal adenomatous polyp tissue （r＝0.340, P＞0.05）. Conclusion P53 and PTEN are associated with the development of colorectal polyps, and P53 is a guide to determine the degree of intraepithelial neoplasia in colorectal adenomatous polyps, providing a basis for molecular-level studies on the pathogenesis of colorectal polyps.