Abstract：Objective To investigate the efficacy of house dust mite allergen extract desensitization treatment in pediatric allergic asthma. Methods A total of 80 children with allergic asthma who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were divided into control and observation groups according to the principle of random number table, with 40 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with nebulized budesonide suspension treatment, while the observation group received house dust mite allergen extract desensitization treatment in addition to the treatment received by the control group. Asthma control, lung function, inflammatory markers, and serum-specific immunoglobulin levels between the two groups were compared.  Results Six months post-intervention, the observation group showed better asthma control, lung function indicators, and inflammatory marker levels compared to the control group. The serum-specific immunoglobulin levels were lower in the observation group than in the control group. Differences between the two groups were statistically significant（t＝3.777, 12.005, 2.811, 7.089, 11.566, 7.205, 23.976, 83.532, 94.656, all P＜0.05）.  Conclusion Implementing house dust mite allergen extract desensitization treatment for pediatric patients with allergic asthma can effectively improve asthma control, enhance lung function, alleviate inflammatory responses, and strengthen immune function. It is worthy of further promotion and application.