Abstract：Objective To analyze the analgesic effect of different neural blockade schemes during perioperative single-port thoracoscopic surgery. Methods A total of eighty patients who underwent single-port thoracoscopic surgery in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2022 were selected. Based on the order of their admission time, they were divided into a control group and an observation group, with 40 patients in each group. The control group received ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve blockade, while the observation group underwent modified serratus anterior muscle blockade. Comparisons were made between the two groups regarding pain scores at different perioperative time points, operation time, sufentanil and remifentanil dosages, and the incidence of adverse reactions. Results There was no statistically significant difference in pain scores at various perioperative time points and operation time between the two groups（t＝1.072, 0.637, 0.657, 1.803, 0.650, 0.439, 1.399, 1.277, 1.548, all P＞0.05）. However, the doses of sufentanil and remifentanil in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,  the differences were statistically significant（t＝5.869, 5.090, all P＜0.05）.The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（χ2＝5.165, P＜0.05）.   Conclusion For patients undergoing single-port thoracoscopic surgery, there is no significant difference in perioperative analgesic effects between ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve blockade and modified serratus anterior muscle blockade. Compared to the paravertebral nerve blockade, the modified serratus anterior muscle blockade requires a lesser dose of anesthetic drugs during the surgery, thus reducing its impact on intraoperative circulation. Postoperative adverse reactions are also milder with this method, making it worth promoting.