Abstract：Objective To analyze the effectiveness of NT ultrasound to screening fetal abnormalities in early pregnancy. Methods A total of 100 pregnant women who underwent prenatal examinations in our hospital from November 2019 to November 2020 were selected. All pregnant women underwent NT ultrasound examination and the outcomes of the newborns were compared. The effectiveness of NT ultrasound in early screening for fetal abnormalities was analyzed, and the nuchal translucency thickness of normal and abnormal fetuses was compared.  Results There were 16 cases of abnormal fetal conditions and 18 cases of abnormal fetuses identified during follow-up, with 2 cases of missed diagnosis. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the overall detection rate（χ2＝0.142, P＞0.05）. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of NT ultrasound in screening for fetal abnormalities were 96.00%, 83.33%, and 98.78%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the detection rates of different types of abnormal fetuses compared to birth outcomes（χ2＝1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 0.338, 0.205, 1.000, 1.000, all P＞0.05）. The nuchal translucency thickness of abnormal fetuses was higher than that of normal fetuses, with a statistically significant difference（t＝10.938, P＜0.05）.   Conclusion NT ultrasound examination can effectively screen for abnormal fetal in early pregnancy. The nuchal translucency thickness can be used to assess fetal health and provide treatment recommendations, thereby reducing the perinatal birth rate of abnormal fetuses.